头层皮是带有粒面的牛、羊、猪皮等，皮面有自然的疤痕和血筋痕等，偶尔还有加工过程中的刀伤以及利用率极低的肚腩部位，进口头层皮还有牛只的编号烙印。全粒面皮可以从毛孔粗细和疏密度来区分属于何种动物皮革。
The scalp is made of grained cattle, sheep, pigskin, etc. There are natural scars and blood vessel scars on the skin, occasionally knife wounds in the processing process and abdominal parts with very low utilization rate. The imported scalp is also branded with the number of cattle. Full grain leather can be distinguished from animal leather by pore size and sparse density.
牛皮种类较多，如奶牛皮、肉牛皮、放牧的牛皮、母牛皮、公牛皮、未阉割的公牛皮及阉割过的公牛皮。在我国还有黄牛皮、水牛皮、牦牛皮和犏牛皮等。其中，水牛皮的毛孔较粗且疏些;黄牛皮则较水牛皮的毛孔细且浓密
There are many kinds of cattle hide, such as cow hide, beef hide, grazing cow hide, cow hide, bull hide, uncut Bull Hide and castrated bull hide. In our country, there are cattle hide, buffalo hide, Yak Hide and calf hide. Among them, the pore of buffalo skin is thicker and thinner, while that of cattle skin is thinner and thicker than that of buffalo skin.